The Juvenile Justice System - 795 Words

This article discussed diversion programs, which helps adolescents who have been arrested for first-time misdemeanors. These diversion programs use group counseling as a mandatory component of sentencing demonstrates initial success in reducing recidivism rates in national outcome studies. The goal of these diversion programs is to keep adolescents out of the juvenile justice system whenever possible (Lipsey, Howell, Kelly, Chapman, Carver, 2010). These diversion programs divert adolescents from entering the juvenile justice system and offer alternatives to formal disciplinary action (Chantoe Manton, 2014). Teen courts (also called Youth Courts) are a growing type of diversion program that utilize a therapeutic approach, with over 1,050 teen youth courts currently operating in the United States. They are designed to promote restorative justice, encouraging the youth to restore the damages his or her behaviors caused to the community (Chantoe Manton, 2014). Teen courts have the flexibility to incorporate essential life skills that are tailored to the adolescents’ developmental needs (Chantoe Manton, 2014).These group sessions are within one year of time and members have to complete six to eight of the sessions. These sessions include the introduction session, communication styles, goal setting, career development, anger management skills, healthy relationships, wellness, and termination. Counseling Group Framework The philosophy of the group counseling approach isShow MoreRelatedJuvenile And Juvenile Justice System752 Words   |  4 PagesThe juvenile justice system and criminal justice system also known as the adult justice system is two different systems. The juvenile justice system is children who are under the age of 18 years old. After the age of 18, it is considered to be an adult it will enter through the adult justice system. There ate states that allows youth to stay in the juvenile justice system from age 18 until 21. The main differences between the juvenile justice system and criminal justice system is rehabilitation andRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System And Juveniles1663 Words   |  7 Pagescriminal justice system and juveniles, there have been many landmark cases that have made a significant impact on the juvenile justice system. The cases arise from dealing with certain aspects that comes from handling juveniles entering the system. Since juveniles are very different from a dults they have to deal with them a certain way and a case by case basis. The court cases concerning juveniles and the decisions that have come from them is what has made what the juvenile justice system is todayRead MoreJuveniles And The Juvenile Justice System1559 Words   |  7 PagesJuveniles committing crimes is not a new issued being introduced to society; actually, it has been an issue for centuries. However, the big question is, should juveniles be tried in adult courts? Before answering, take into consideration every possible scenario that could have led them to commit the crime. For instance, were they the leader in the act? Did they participate in the crime? Was the juvenile even aware of what was taking place? Were they peer pressured? Did they have any other choiceRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System For Juveniles1397 Words   |  6 Pageswere treated the same as adult criminals. If you are a young person under the age of 18 and you commit a crime, you will have your case heard in the juvenile justice system. The thing is that, it hasn’t always gone that way. The idea of a separate justice system for juveniles is just over one hundred years old (American Bar). Where did juvenile justice come from? The law was in the image of the common law of England. William Blackstone, Blackstone’s Commentaries on the Laws of England, first publishedRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System1313 Words   |  6 Pages Today s concept of the juvenile justice system is relatively new due to significant modifications in policy overtime. The justice system has been trying to figure out effective ways to treat juvenile criminal offenders successfully for years. The justice system did not always have a special category for juveniles and their crime. Juveniles was once treated as adults when they committed crimes and were subjected to harsh punishments. The juvenile court was the culmination of efforts of the positivistRead MoreJuvenile Justice Systems833 Wo rds   |  4 PagesIntroduction Juvenile crime is a term around the world that is difficult to pinpoint and although there are several definitions many fail to be concrete. There are many factors that play into sentencing juveniles or minors upon a crime committed. How old are they? Can they mentally form criminal intent? Are they old enough to no longer be treated as children? Some people would argue that a criminal is just that, regardless of age. Research on the other hand shows that juveniles have underdevelopedRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System788 Words   |  3 Pages The juvenile justice system was founded with the goal to serve the best interests of the child, with an understanding that youth possessed different needs than adults. Over the course of our semester we have come across various research studies that proves that the adult system is not well equipped to house and rehabilitate the delinquents. These studies have shown that more juveniles that are transferred to the criminal justice system ends up back in the system, which means the recidivism rateRead MoreThe On The Juvenile Justice System Essay1236 Words   |  5 Pages I would request that Senator Perkins vote against the proposed amendments to the Juvenile Act. Part A Although public safety is both a legitimate and justifiable concern, the proposed changes to the purposes clause would go against the primary purpose of the juvenile justice system, rehabilitation and treatment as opposed to punishment. During the 19th century, the American legal system tended to treat juveniles who violated the criminal law much as it did adult offenders. Consequently, if courtsRead MoreJuvenile Justice And The Juvenile System4789 Words   |  20 PagesJuvenile Justice Consultant When thinking of reforming the juvenile justice system one has to think; what can we do to make this better for everyone involve? There are some programs that can be implemented when trying to make a change in the juvenile system. The main thing is getting parents or the guardian more involved in the child’s whereabouts. Secondly the community where the youth will have a place to go and have something more constructive to do to keep them out of trouble. Law enforcementRead MoreJuvenile Justice System856 Words   |  4 Pagesthe juveniles. A juvenile is someone who is at or below the upper age of the original jurisdiction in their resident state (Juvenile Justice, 2013). Juveniles due to age are not treated at the same level as adults; due to this we have Juvenile Justice. Juvenile justice was said to be considered all the way back to the early years from the English brought over to American culture from England (Juvenile Justice, 2013). Since then in America we have ha d 5 major periods in the Juvenile Justice system

How Is Communication Important For Children And Community...

Analyze Themes: Is there a theme/idea/perspective that runs through the responses to your questions? Is there more than one theme? Do the findings surprise or puzzle you in any way? If so, in what ways? How do your themes relate to effective family and community engagement as it has been discussed in class so far? My overall theme is communication. I thrive on communication being key. As I continue to point out there can be serious problems when there is a break in communication. By keeping the lines of communication open, your parents and director can stay informed. For my philosophy it is important because I need to be effective when teaching my student so that they learn what I am trying to teach them. It seems simple but many time students are lost because they don’t understand the teacher and what the teacher want from them, especially once they reach elementary school. When you communicate it creates a rich, professional and happy environment. I need to effectively comm unicate to the parents that the children are learning through play, because most of the time, the children will say to their parents, that they played all day. I found that when I use technical words from sources like our book, NAECYE, or even the Georgia GELDS is not always a clear way of communicating and I need to explain it to them on their level. When I send out my daily news through via email to my parents, I won’t just say we did fine motor activities; I will specifically outline what we didShow MoreRelatedFamily Engagement And Academic Success2932 Words   |  12 Pages Family Engagement and Academic Success Victoria Visor University of Houston- Clearlake â€Æ' Abstract This study focuses on family engagement and its correlation to academic success in students and how implementation can be advocated. This is a critical task in a rapidly changing society where mostly everything has resulted to automated counterparts that does the work for us i.e. web-based classes, online tutoring services, educational computer programs that we have seemingly come to depend uponRead MorePromoting Parental Involvement Into Schooling2338 Words   |  10 PagesSchooling Introduction â€Å"When parents become involved, children do better in school, and they go to better schools.† said by Anne T. Henderson, author of The Evidence Continues to Grow. There is an old saying: parents are the best teachers for students which means that if parents could work better with schools to support their children’s education, children may possibly achieve not just academic success, but their whole life success. Moreover, as far as Gianzero’s concern (1999), the promotion of tightRead MoreEnglish Language Learner : The United States2145 Words   |  9 PagesWashington State, based on U.S. Census data.† Children from these families enter our educational system knowing very little English and they are considered to be an English Language Learner (ELL) defined by â€Å"those whose primary language is a language other than English and who have English language skill deficiencies that impair their learning in regular classrooms† (Malagon, McCold, Hern andez, 2011, p. IV). While parents truly believe their children will receive a better education in the UnitedRead MoreUnderstanding Community And Social Networks2492 Words   |  10 PagesUnderstanding community and social networks is important in the Child and Youth Counsellor (CYC) field in order to help create and encourage positive communities and networks for the youth within the CYC care. Community and social networks are important for self-esteem, sense of belonging, and overall happier and healthier individuals. Understanding the communities or social networks within an individual’s life will assist in the appropriate goal making and action planning in order to meet the individual’sRead MoreEffects of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication3943 Words   |  16 PagesUniversity-Batangas Capitol Site, Batangas City, 4200 Final Paper: The Effects of the Internet On Interpersonal Communication Presented to Dr. Neil P. Balba In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the subject Advanced Educational Technologies (MA 709) Master of Arts Major in English Language Studies by: Ma. Anna Corina G. Kagaoan-Pablo April 29, 2011 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The influence of the Internet has caused a change in the way we communicate, learn and shop. The Internet is probably most famous forRead MoreThesis About Family8295 Words   |  34 PagesChapter I THE PROBLEM AND ITS STUDY 1. Introduction Family is very important part of our everyday life. It helps us in improving our personality. It also helps us in shaping our life. It teaches us the value of love, affection, care, truthfulness and self-confidence and provides us tools and suggestions which are necessary to get success in life. Family is a place where you can be yourself. It is a place where you are accepted for what you are. This is where you are completely tensionRead MoreIntimate Relationships7073 Words   |  29 Pagestheories and research Brianna Griffin Table Of Contents: 1- Strangers, Friends and Lovers: Why is life so complicated? -Picture†¦..Page 4 -Websites†¦Page 4-5 -Article†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 5-6 -Reasoning behind chapter choice†¦.Page 6-7 2 - Self-Presentation and Self-Disclosure -Picture†¦.Page 7 -Websites†¦.Page 8 -Article†¦. Page 8-9 -Reasoning behind chapter choice†¦.Page 9-10 3- Communication and Relationship Management -Picture†¦.Page 11 -Websites†¦.Page 11 -Article†¦.Page 12 -Reasoning behind chapterRead MoreResearch Method About Absenteeism3974 Words   |  16 Pagesgiving us the strength to finish up this report in time. We also would like to thank our seniors who have guided us on preparing the report. Last but not least, thanks to our beloved family for their love and support throughout our study. Thank you so much. CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION 1.0. INTRODUCTION One major issues that the higher education organizations currently facing with are the effectiveness dealing with students’ absenteeism and truancy. This study is conducted to gain the fullRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Education10000 Words   |  40 Pageseducation and its quality in relation to digital transcendence and pedagogy (Dede, 2005a; Denham Gadbow, 2002; Geraci, 2005; Howe Strauss, 2000; O Neil, 1995; Oblinger, 2003; Strauss, 2005; Zemke, 2001). So what has changed so dramtically? How have we come to a point where students feel so disaffected that leaving the learning environment altogether seems the only viable option? Recent deficits in student outcomes in traditionally held values of literacy and numeracy have led some schools acrossRead MoreEarly Childhood Curriculum2748 Words   |  11 PagesCurriculum approaches: Compare and Contrast of High/Scope, Reggio and Te Whariki Introduction: Early Childhood is an important stage of children’s life. By interacting with people around (each other and the adults), children explore and make sense of the world around them. A successful early childhood curriculum should fulfill children’s need to give children rich experience at the most important developmental stage of their lives. This paper will critically discuss, compare and contrast High/Scope, Reggio

The Golden Lily Chapter 8 Free Essays

GOING OUT AGAIN didn’t really happen until the weekend. Brayden and I were both overachieving enough to manage weeknight outings and still finish homework – but neither of us liked to do it if we could avoid it. Besides, my weeknights usually had some other conflict with the gang, be it a feeding or the experiments. We will write a custom essay sample on The Golden Lily Chapter 8 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Eddie had given his blood this week, and I’d made a point to not be around when it happened, lest Sonya try to pitch to me again. Brayden had wanted to go out Saturday, but that was the day I’d promised to drive Adrian to San Diego. Brayden compromised on breakfast, catching me before I hit the road, and we went out to a restaurant adjacent to one of Palm Springs’ many lush golf resorts. Although I had long since offered to pull my share, Brayden continued picking up the bills and doing all the driving. As he pulled up in front of my dorm to drop me off afterward, I saw a surprising and not entirely welcome sight awaiting me: Adrian sitting outside on a bench, looking bored. â€Å"Oh geez,† I said. â€Å"What?† asked Brayden. â€Å"That’s my brother.† I knew there was no avoiding this. The inevitable had happened. Adrian would probably cling to Brayden’s bumper until he got an introduction. â€Å"Come on, you can meet him.† Brayden left the car idling and stepped out, casting an anxious glance at the NO PARKING sign. Adrian jumped up from his seat, a look of supreme satisfaction on his face. â€Å"Wasn’t I supposed to pick you up?† I asked. â€Å"Sonya had some errands to run and offered to drop me here while she was out,† he explained. â€Å"Figured we’d save you some trouble.† Adrian had known what I was doing this morning, so I wasn’t entirely sure his motives had been all that selfless. â€Å"This is Brayden,† I told him. â€Å"Brayden, Adrian.† Adrian shook his hand. â€Å"I’ve heard so much about you.† I didn’t doubt that but wondered who exactly he’d heard it from. Brayden gave a friendly smile back. â€Å"I’ve actually never heard of you. I didn’t even know Sydney had another brother.† â€Å"You never mentioned me?† Adrian shot me a look of mock hurt. â€Å"It never came up,† I said. â€Å"You’re still in high school, right?† asked Adrian. He nodded toward the Mustang. â€Å"You must have a side job to make those car payments, though. Unless you’re one of those slackers who just tries to get money off of their parents.† Brayden looked indignant. â€Å"Of course not. I work almost every day at a coffee shop.† â€Å"A coffee shop,† repeated Adrian, managing to convey a million shades of disapproval in his tone. â€Å"I see.† He glanced over at me. â€Å"I suppose it could be worse.† â€Å"Adrian – â€Å" â€Å"Well, it’s not like I’m going to work there forever,† protested Brayden. â€Å"I’ve already been accepted to USC, Stanford, and Dartmouth.† Adrian nodded thoughtfully. â€Å"I guess that’s respectable. Although, I’ve always thought of Dartmouth as the kind of school people go to when they can’t get into Yale or Harv – â€Å" â€Å"We really need to go,† I interrupted, grabbing hold of Adrian’s arm. I attempted to tug him toward the student parking lot and failed. â€Å"We don’t want to get caught in traffic.† Brayden glanced at his cell phone. â€Å"Traffic patterns should be relatively light going west this time of the day, but being a weekend, you never know how tourists might alter things, especially with the various attractions in San Diego. If you look at traffic models applying the Chaos Theory – â€Å" â€Å"Exactly,† I said. â€Å"Better safe than sorry. I’ll text you when I get back, okay? We’ll figure out the rest of this week.† For once, I didn’t have to stress about handshaking or kissing or anything like that. I was too fixated on dragging Adrian away before he could open his mouth and say something inflammatory. Brayden, while passionate about academic topics and me disagreeing with him, tended to otherwise be pretty mild-mannered. He hadn’t exactly been upset just now, but that was certainly the most agitated I’d ever seen him. Leave it to Adrian to work up even the most easygoing people. â€Å"Really?† I asked, once we were safely inside Latte. â€Å"You couldn’t have just said ‘nice to meet you,’ and let it go?† Adrian pushed back the passenger seat, managing the most lounging position possible while still wearing a seatbelt. â€Å"Just looking out for you, sis. Don’t want you ending up with some deadbeat. Believe me, I’m an expert on that kind of thing.† â€Å"Well, I appreciate your insider knowledge, but I’ll manage this on my own, thanks just the same.† â€Å"Come on, a barista? Why not some business intern?† â€Å"I like that he’s a barista. He always smells like coffee.† Adrian rolled down a window, letting the breeze ruffle his hair. â€Å"I’m surprised you let him drive you around, especially considering the way you freak out if anyone touches the controls in your car.† â€Å"Like the window?† I asked pointedly. â€Å"When the air conditioning’s on?† Adrian took the hint and raised the window back up. â€Å"He wants to drive. So I let him. Besides, I like that car.† â€Å"That is a nice car,† Adrian admitted. â€Å"Though I never took you for the type to go for status symbols.† â€Å"I don’t. I like it because it’s an interesting car with a long history.† â€Å"Translation: status symbol.† â€Å"Adrian.† I sighed. â€Å"This is going to be a long ride.† In actuality, we made pretty good time. Despite Brayden’s speculations, traffic moved easily, enough that I felt I deserved a coffee break halfway through. Adrian got a mocha – â€Å"Can you spot me this one time, Sage?† – and maintained his usual breezy conversation style throughout most of the trip. I couldn’t help but notice, when we were about thirty minutes out, he grew more withdrawn and thoughtful. His banter dropped off, and he spent a lot of time gazing out the window. I could only assume the reality of his seeing his dad was setting in. It was certainly something I could relate to. I’d be just as anxious if I was about to see mine. I didn’t really think Adrian would appreciate a shared psychotherapy session, though, so I groped for a safer topic to draw him out of his blue mood. â€Å"Have you guys learned anything from Eddie and Dimitri’s blood?† I asked. Adrian glanced at me in surprise. â€Å"Didn’t expect you to bring that up.† â€Å"Hey, I’m curious about the science of it. I just didn’t want to participate.† He accepted this. â€Å"Not much to tell so soon. They sent the samples off to a lab – one of your labs, I think – to see if there’s anything physically different between the two. Sonya and I did pick up a†¦ oh, I don’t know how to describe it. Like, a ‘hum’ of spirit in Belikov’s blood. Not that him having magic blood should surprise anyone. Most people seem to think everything he does is magic.† â€Å"Oh, come on,† I said. â€Å"That’s unfair.† â€Å"Is it? You’ve seen the way Castile worships him. He wants to be just like Belikov when he grows up. And even though Sonya’s usually the spokesperson for our research, she won’t breathe without checking with him beforehand. ‘What do you think, Dimitri?’ ‘Is this a good idea, Dimitri?’ ‘Please give us your blessing so that we can fall down and worship you, Dimitri.'† I shook my head in exasperation. â€Å"Again – unfair. They’re research partners. Of course she’s going to consult him.† â€Å"She consults him more than me.† Probably because Adrian always looked bored during their research, but I figured it wouldn’t help to bring that up. â€Å"They’ve both been Strigoi. They’ve kind of got a unique insight to this.† He didn’t respond for several moments. â€Å"Okay. I’ll give you points for that. But you can’t argue that there was any competition between me and him when it came to Rose. You saw them together. I never had a chance. I can’t compare.† â€Å"Well, why do you have to?† Part of me also wanted to ask what Rose had to do with this, but Jill had told me numerous times that for Adrian, everything came back to Rose. â€Å"Because I wanted her,† Adrian said. â€Å"Do you still want her?† No answer. Rose was a dangerous topic; one I wished we hadn’t weirdly stumbled into. â€Å"Look,† I said. â€Å"You and Dimitri are two different people. You shouldn’t compare yourself to him. You shouldn’t try to be like him. I mean, I’m not going to sit here and rip him apart or anything. I like Dimitri. He’s smart and dedicated, insanely brave and ferocious. Good in a fight. And he’s just a nice guy.† Adrian scoffed. â€Å"You left out dreamy and ruggedly handsome.† â€Å"Hey, you’re pretty easy on the eyes too,† I teased, quoting something he’d told me a while ago. He didn’t smile. â€Å"And don’t underestimate yourself. You’re smart too, and you can talk yourself out of – and into – anything. You don’t even need magical charisma.† â€Å"So far I’m not seeing a lot of difference between me and a carnival con-man.† â€Å"Oh, stop,† I said. He could make me laugh even with the most serious of topics. â€Å"You know what I mean. And you’re also one of the most fiercely loyal people I know – and caring, no matter how much you pretend otherwise. I see the way you look after Jill. Not many people would’ve traveled across the country to help her. And almost no one would have done what you did to save her life.† Again, Adrian took a while to respond. â€Å"But what are loyal and caring really worth?† â€Å"To me? Everything.† There was no hesitation in my answer. I’d seen too much backstabbing and calculation in my life. My own father judged people not by who they were but by what they could do for him. Adrian did care passionately about others underneath all of his bravado and flippancy. I’d seen him risk his life to prove it. Considering I’d had someone’s eye cut out to avenge my sister†¦ well. Devotion was definitely something I could appreciate. Adrian didn’t say anything else for the rest of the drive, but at least I didn’t get the impression he was brooding anymore. Mostly he seemed thoughtful, and that wasn’t so concerning. What did make me a little uneasy was that I often caught sight of him studying me in my periphery. I replayed what I’d said over and over in my mind, trying to figure out if there’d been anything to warrant such attention. Adrian’s father was staying at a sprawling San Diego hotel with a vibe similar to the resort Brayden and I had eaten breakfast at. Businessmen in suits mingled with pleasure seekers in tropical prints and flip-flops. I’d almost worn jeans to breakfast and was glad now for my choice of a gray skirt and short-sleeved blouse with a muted blue and gray print. It had a tiny ruffled trim, and the skirt had a very, very faint herringbone pattern. Normally, I wouldn’t have worn such contrasting textures together, but I’d liked the boldness of the look. I’d pointed it out to Jill before I left the dorm for breakfast. It’d taken her a while to even find the contrasting textures, and when she did, she’d rolled her eyes. â€Å"Yeah, Sydney. You’re a real rebel.† Meanwhile, Adrian was in one of his typical summer outfits, jeans and a button-up shirt – though of course the shirt was untucked, with the sleeves rolled up and a few top buttons undone. He wore that look all the time, and despite its casual faà §ade, he often made it appear dressy and fashionable. Not today, however. These were the most worn-out jeans I’d ever seen him wear – the knees were on the verge of having holes. The dark green shirt, while nice quality and a perfect match for his eyes, was wrinkled to inexplicable levels. Sleeping in it or tossing it on the floor wouldn’t achieve that state. I was pretty sure someone would have to actually crumple it into a ball and sit on it for it to look that bad. If I’d noticed it back at Amberwood (and hadn’t been so distracted getting him away from Brayden), I would’ve insisted on ironing the shirt before we left. He still looked good, of course. He always looked good, no matter the condition of his clothing and hair. It was one of the more annoying things about him. This rumpled look made him come across as some pensive European model. Studying him as we took the elevator to the second floor lobby, I decided it couldn’t be a coincidence that the most disheveled outfit I’d ever seen Adrian in had fallen on the day he had a father-son visit. The question was: why? He’d complained that his dad always found fault with him. Dressing this way seemed like Adrian was just providing one more reason. The elevator opened, and I gasped as we stepped out. The back wall of the lobby was almost entirely covered with windows that offered a dramatic view of the Pacific. Adrian chuckled at my reaction and took out his cell phone. â€Å"Take a closer look while I call the old man.† He didn’t have to tell me twice. I walked over to one of the glass walls, admiring the vast, blue-gray expanse. I imagined that on cloudy days, it would be hard to tell where sky ended and ocean began. The weather was gorgeous out today, full of sun and a perfectly clear azure-blue sky. On the lobby’s right side, a set of doors opened up onto a Mediterranean style balcony where diners were enjoying lunch out in the sun. Looking down to ground level, I caught sight of a sparkling pool as blue as the sky, surrounded in palm trees and sunbathers. I didn’t have the same longing for water that a magic user like Jill possessed, but I had been living in the desert for almost two months. This was amazing. I was so transfixed with the beauty outside that I didn’t notice Adrian’s return. In fact, I didn’t even notice he was standing right beside me until a mother calling for her daughter – also named Sydney – made me glance aside. There, I saw Adrian only inches away, watching me with amusement. I flinched and stepped back a little. â€Å"How about some warning next time?† He smiled. â€Å"I didn’t want to interrupt. You looked happy for a change.† â€Å"For a change? I’m happy lots of times.† I knew Adrian well enough to recognize the sign of an incoming snarky comment. At the last second, he changed course, his expression turning serious. â€Å"Does that guy – that Brendan guy – â€Å" â€Å"Brayden.† â€Å"Does that Brayden guy make you happy?† I looked at Adrian in surprise. These kinds of questions were almost always a setup from him, but his neutral face made it hard to guess his motives this time. â€Å"I guess,† I said at last. â€Å"Yeah. I mean, he doesn’t make me unhappy.† That brought Adrian’s smile back. â€Å"Red-hot answer if ever there was one. What do you like about him? Aside from the car? And that he smells like coffee?† â€Å"I like that he’s smart,† I said. â€Å"I like that I don’t have to dumb myself down around him.† Now Adrian frowned. â€Å"You do that a lot for people?† I was surprised at the bitterness in my own laugh. â€Å"‘A lot?’ Try all the time. Probably the most important thing I’ve learned at Amberwood is that people don’t like to know how much you know. With Brayden, there’s no censoring for either of us. I mean, just look at this morning. One minute we were talking Halloween costumes, the next we were discussing the ancient Athenian origins of democracy.† â€Å"I’m not going to claim to be a genius, but how the hell did you make that leap?† â€Å"Oh,† I said. â€Å"Our Halloween costumes. We’re dressing Greek. From the Athenian era.† â€Å"Of course,† he said. And this time, I could tell the snark was about to return. â€Å"No sexy cat costumes for you. Only the most dignified, feminist attire will do.† I shook my head. â€Å"Feminist? Oh, no. Not Athenian women. They’re about as far from feminist as you can – well, forget it. It’s not really important.† Adrian did a double take. â€Å"That’s it, isn’t it?† He leaned toward me, and I nearly moved back†¦ but something held me where I was, something about the intensity in his eyes. â€Å"What?† I asked. He pointed at me. â€Å"You stopped yourself just now. You just dumbed it down for me.† I hesitated only a moment. â€Å"Yeah, I kind of did.† â€Å"Why?† â€Å"Because you really don’t want to hear about ancient Athens, any more than you wanted to hear Brayden talk about Chaos Theory.† â€Å"That’s different,† said Adrian. He hadn’t moved away and was still standing so, so close to me. It seemed like that should’ve bothered me, but it didn’t. â€Å"He’s boring. You make learning fun. Like a children’s book or after school special. Tell me about your†¦ um, Athenian women.† I tried not to smile. I admired his intentions here but knew he really wasn’t up for a history lesson. Again, I wondered what game was going on. Why was he pretending to be interested? I tried to compose an answer that would take less than sixty seconds. â€Å"Most Athenian women weren’t educated. They mostly stayed inside and were just expected to have kids and take care of the house. The most progressive women were the hetaerae. They were like entertainers and high-class prostitutes. They were educated and a little flashier. Powerful men kept their wives at home to raise children and then hung out with hetaerae for fun.† I paused, unsure if he’d followed any of that. â€Å"Like I said, it’s not really important.† â€Å"I don’t know,† said Adrian thoughtfully. â€Å"I find prostitutes vastly important.† â€Å"Well. How refreshing to see that things haven’t changed,† a new voice cut in. We both flinched and looked up at the scowling man who had just joined us. Adrian’s father had arrived. How to cite The Golden Lily Chapter 8, Essay examples

Business Ethics For Hospitality

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Ethics For Hospitality. Answer: Introduction Moral quandaries in work settings are entirely normal, and generally, they are not plain to counter. The thoughts are straight; nonetheless, the ordeal is in the implementation. Notwithstanding while companies have astonishing policies along with techniques that resemble governing regulations and controls, there is yet an elevated risk of dishonest manners. Case in point, a few workers might not discern the assets that are there to assist within basic leadership. They possibly will not be aware whom to swing to amid questions. At whatever time an association is not entirely sustaining people, they are increasing the possibility of elevated hazard behavior (Adorno, 2010). Why do a few associations bumble concerning morals? The answer is here and there basic. Much of the time there is mixed communication, for instance, inconsistent use of policies or a tendency to overlook extreme or yet frankly exploitative conduct. This is the "it's not my occupation" mindset. According to Blau Duncan (2013), the following are some of dilemmas in workplaces: Senior pioneers neglect to "walk the talk" they are blameworthy of displaying unseemly conduct. Pioneers frequently have a nonsensical feeling of qualification, feeling "I ought to be permitted to do this," or "I merit this. People may start compromising because of lost impetuses. At the point when an association starts remunerating the wrong things, this can prompt compromising on security, quality, and so forth. People may likewise want to be respectful to power, notwithstanding when they are being requested that accomplish something they feel is not right. People additionally have the requirement for conclusion, which can prompt clash shirking. For instance, a worker may not make sure how to approach a potentially untrustworthy circumstance, so he or she may select to finish it off without having the troublesome discussion about morals. Guarded rationale is predominant. This shows as "everybody is doing it, so why not me?" or "why would it be a good idea for me to stick my neck out?" Companies especially senior pioneers and different pioneers inside the association should be touchy to these things. They have to come across nature once more: how managers are situating the greater part of our representatives in their everyday work. It is safe to say that we are setting them up for disappointment as far as these ethical traps. What security nets would we say we are setting underneath them as they walk that tightrope, exploring through what an associate may ask, what a client may say or request, et cetera? These are key contemplations for any business (Xu, Ngai, 2011). In diverse situations, the problems of ethics associations encounter are notably extra troublesome in light of the fact that there is not a "wrong" reply. The hardest ethical problems in the workplace occur since at least two competing alternatives are on hand, both with its individual arrangement of ethical qualities. This occurs for the reason that we regularly are laying down two optimistic outcomes in opposition to each otherfrequently courtesy against sympathy. Concisely, it is the most challenging ethical dilemma to investigate (Janet, 2011). Ethical Dilemmas Facing Organisations Utilizing Volunteerism Volunteer-managed organizations are a subset of the social economy, different from people in general and private segments. For the most part, not-for-profits are driven by a social mission, look after self-sufficiency, and are socially claimed associations. Volunteer-overseen charitable associations are often not-for-profit associations drove, overseen and worked by volunteers endeavoring to finish shared objectives. Such organizations may occasionally employ people to finish a particular undertaking e.g. cultivators for recorded locales, transport drivers for an outing, or officials for a games competition. Organizations utilizing volunteerism have existed in all human advancements as social clubs, youth bunches, religious gatherings, gilds and other shared guide affiliations. Researchers such as Geiser, Okun, Grano (2014) perceived the noteworthy nearness of volunteer-overseen affiliations. Pretty much as such organizations shift in definition and phrasing, so do their administration models and structures. They can go from being dictator to participative, and any blend in the middle. Moreover, they can be imperious, administered by a solitary charming or religious pioneer; or oligarchic like in a games group where grown-ups as opposed to individuals (i.e. the adolescent) settle on the choices for the greater part. Accord based like an association sticking to women's activist beliefs; or a blend of majority rules system, organization, demonstrable skill, and government as in an every single volunteer firefighter association portrayed by Geiser, Okun, Grano, (2014). Nearby willful relationship with robotic, progressive structures will probably survive. Other how-to handbooks made particularly for group affiliations and every single volunteer association suggest bureaucratic models, which incorporate an overarching board, division of work, and firm representing approaches. Contemporary volunteers need fleeting errands and unambiguous directions as opposed to including themselves as "gathering fans" keen on the system. Interestingly, Georgeou (2012) demonstrates that the best neighborhood associations are those that ascent from the base up through indigenous, participatory activities instead of those embedded from above. Volunteer associations without paid staff contrast fundamentally from hierarchic, proficient and entrepreneurial sorts of associations and tend to utilize assembled frameworks, as socio-specialized units. Volun-Tourism Activities Volun-tourism consolidates the volunteer and tourism segments. It includes people voyaging abroad while additionally finishing fleeting volunteer work. This convergence builds an equivocal part for people since they are all the while a vacationer, what's more, a volunteer inside the host group; it additionally accentuates the characteristic disagreements of volun-tourism. It makes complex desires, because the volun-tourists intends to "have any kind of effect" while likewise investigating another culture. Individuals, particularly youth, are inspired by volun-tourism's benefits for giving back, self-disclosure, associations with others, and beneficial experience, and its organized arrangement since it offers a "sheltered" approach to investigate different societies. Disregarding these advantages, volun-tourism may likewise have negative ramifications (Bezruchka, 2010). It might be exploitative in creating nations since it just requires a fleeting inclusion and is connected to tourism. In addition, some associations or organizations concentrate on expanding the organization's benefit instead of the maintainability of the venture. In this way, while people are included in this experience, they should explore the opposing parts of their experience and in addition the numerous ramifications of volun-tourism. Part of the trouble in investigating volunteer tourism is the scope of definitions proposed by specialists. A few analysts like Stebbins (2015) characterize it as a type of option tourism that gives a valid, specialty encounter, which is differentiated to the immoderate practices of mass tourism. Others depict it as a type of advancement for both the individual and the host group. It is additionally seen as a path for to "wash away" their blame through make-work ventures, while visiting colorful districts (Pinto Upshur, 2014). One viewpoint of volunteer tourism is that it is seen as overwhelmingly positive and helpful for those included. These positive components are said to affect both the individual volun-tourist, and the host group. Volun-tourism is set here as a generally maintainable type of travel. Mostly, the positive components of volun-tourism are found in its capability to encourage social affectability and comprehension between both the traveler and host groups; this is displayed as advancing a common relationship, wherein both gatherings can thrive. The proposed advantages of volun-tourism are largely separated into those, which affect the voluntourist, and those that influence the host group and environment. Despite the fact that the advantages possibly may be uneven for the volun-tourist, seemingly, the benefits for the host group deem the wonderful opportunity as eventually being great. Roberts (2016) concurs that as opposed to the proposed regale, volun-tourism can likewise be spoken to as an exploitive and hindering practice. A few scholars clarify that the motivation behind why volun-tourism might be indicated as positive is on account of specialists concentrate essentially on the individual's inspirations, encounters, and viewpoints, while disregarding the suppositions of the host groups. By concentrating on the positive emotive and self-advancement parts of volunteer tourism, there is a danger of overlooking the auxiliary disparities that may emerge and along these lines neglect its negative perspectives. In fundamentally breaking down the conceivable downsides of volun-tourism, analysts trust that they can assess the negative effects it might have on both the volun-tourist and the host groups and speak to its disadvantages (Wilson, 2010). Problems and Dilemmas Having volunteers to do most of the core functions in an organization reduces job opportunities that might have been available. A voluntourist could be difficult (to manage) due to inspirations and sensitivity of association. While voluntourism is seen like development-style schemes, the volunteers inspirations might not prioritize this, but rather being somehow egocentric There is no normally acknowledged authoritative hypothesis for organizations using volunteers Conclusion Volunteer tourism may likewise be unfavorable in light of the fact that having outer volunteers do undertakings may diminish nearby occupation openings and advance reliance in view of the nearness of volunteer work. This in turn disturbs nearby economies as host groups get to be subject to the volunteer work. It might likewise strengthen the idea of an "other" in need, which can underline negative generalizations or an essential representation. It introduces the idea of a "removed other" who requires the duty of care with the favored "created world" watching over the less-special Developing world. It likewise bolsters the tricky idea of the gap amongst princely and poor nations and that the more prosperous are capable, which propagates an unequal relationship. Pros, or individuals with an alternate mastery or expertise set, accidentally make an imbalance of impact. For example, an educated part may turn into the sole-administrator and controller of the association's site or a magnetic part be turned into the media representative for the association. Such imbalance of impact makes a chain of importance of aptitude and must be figured out how to secure non-bureaucratic administration. Indeed, even in the collectivist association that may accomplish general ability, different wellsprings of unequal impact would endure, for example, duty level, verbal familiarity, and social aptitudes. References Adorno, T. (2010) Problems of moral philosophy, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press Astin A. W. (2012) What Matters in College: Four Critical Years Revisited, Journal of Volunteer- managed Organizations, San Francisco Bezruchka, S. (2010) Medical Tourism as Medical Harm to the Third World, Wilderness and Environmental Medicine, 11, 77-78 Blau, P. M. and Duncan, O. D. (2013) The American occupational structure, New York: Wiley Geiser, Ch.; Okun, M. A.; Grano, C. (2014) Who is motivated to volunteer? A latent profile analysis linking volunteer motivation to frequency of volunteering, Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 56(1), pp. 324 Georgeou, N. (2012) Neo-liberalism, Development, and Aid Volunteering, New York: Rutledge Janet E. (2011) where is the learning in service learning? Journal of Volunteer-managed Organizations, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Pascarella P. and Terenzini E. T (2011) How volunteerism affects organizations, Findings and Insights from Research, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Pinto, A. D. and Upshur, R. E. G. (2014) Global Health Ethics for Students, Developing World Bioethics, 9, 1-10 Roberts, M. (2016) Duffle Bag Medicine, Journal of the American Volunteerism Association, 295, 1491- 1492 Stebbins R. A. (2015) Leisure and the Motive to Volunteer, Houndmills, UK: Palgrave Macmillan Wilson J. (2010) Volunteering, Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 26: pg. 215, Retrieved October 19, 2016 Xu, Y.; Ngai, N. P. (2011) Moral Resources and Political Capital: Theorizing the Relationship between Voluntary Service Organizations and the Development of Civil Society in China, Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, pp. 247269 Business Ethics for Hospitality Question: Discuss about the Business Ethics for Hospitality. Answer: Introduction: Tourism is regarded as the star of economic growth in Bali and it is becoming increasingly crowded place. Unplanned and rapid tourism development greatly affects the natural environment by way of affecting natural environment, localized flooding, increasing pollution and putting pressure on infrastructure of island. The report prepared discusses about newly opened hotel in Bali, Kuta. Rapid development taking place at Kuta has produced many negative effects on infrastructure and environment of town. Kuta has become an unpleasant, diminished and polluted town. Wildlife of Bali has been adversely affected by tourism development. Uneducated tourist and Bad management of site have caused a twisted relationship between tourists and animals (Andersson Lundberg, 2013). Newly opened hotel impact are discussed mainly in terms of impact on environment. Government realized rapid tourism development and poor planning are affecting the physical and cultural assets of Bali. Report also explain an effective way of operationalizing sustainable development concept by applying triple bottom line. This strategy focuses on profitability of operations and it include environment and people. Sustainable development goal is to secure economic development along with protection of environment. Triple bottom line approach to sustainability considers the view that the less impact of business has fewer natural resources and environment. Controlling the bottom line of environment implies monitoring, managing and reporting the consumptions, emission and wastes. Reporting and measuring the bottom line of environment is possible depending upon size of business, though it can be difficult and time-consuming process. Using the triple bottom approach model helps in understandi ng the expanding the newly opened hotel as an environmental and social entity. Triple bottom line is an accounting framework incorporating environmental, social and financial performance. Environmental variables under this framework represent natural resources and reflects potential influences to its viability. It incorporates water and air quality, natural resources, consumption of energy, land use and solid and toxic waste (Cheng et al., 2013). Discussion: Tourism industry in Bali has been threat to lives of many people and endangering conservations of nature and environment. Environment is not directly threatened by tourism industry but the means of supporting industry is very influential on environmental sustainability in Bali. Bali is an amazing island with stunning beaches, nature and unique culture. It is regarded as one of the most popular eco destinations in the world for hotels. However, despite this fact tourism in Bali has headed toward completely different type of tourism. Hotels are recognizing the importance of conservation of environment and an increasingly seeking accommodation supporting sustainable and environmentally friendly tourism. Hotels in Bali appreciate the natural spaces and cultures by conserving and minimizing the impact on environment. They focusses on overall wellness and this remains constant throughout outlay, food and peace (Cole Browne, 2015). It has been evident that Bali would be facing crisis of dr inking water as large share of water reserves are used by many of. Bali has become a hotel and entertainment venue Indonesia is becoming the world leader in eco-tourism and Bali is playing a key role as it has exceptional natural sites and indigenous culture. However, the development in eco-tourism is far from potential. Due to educated tourists, an increasing awareness has made the tourism sector as most interesting growth segment. Bali has attracted cultured, rich and Bohemian. This paradise situation eventually had given the way to ideally cheaper travel and the hotels are initiating seeking the turf of Kuta. The guesthouses and low-end hotels cater this new market. Some of the high profile tourist dependent business pride themselves in bringing more to a community that it can take away. A huge development in eco tourists resorts is witnessed in Bali. Hotels are willing to do something positive for local environment (Dopson Hayes, 2016). Some of the newly opened hotels in Bali are fully off the grid and they are powered by solar or wind. Water around Bali offers some of the popular diving in the world. The marine ecosystem and coral reefs are witnessing increased pressure from pollution, over fishing, sedimentation, exploitative recreational activities. Hotels of Bali in association with team of dive schools and various initiatives are working to help them in promoting damaged reefs rejuvenation, protecting the reefs from any further erosion and educating fisherman about safe fishing practices. Largest biorock installation have been built by several aquatics while working with local community for creating successful projects restoration. World wildlife federation in Indonesia has been working with hotels to help them protecting in reefs of the national park (dos Santos et al., 2017). Environmental impact of hotel operations: Environment is negatively impacted by hotels operation in a significant way. Huge amount of resources are consumed by hotels and it has been estimated that excessive consumption in terms of resources affects seventy-five percent of environmental impact of hotels, which creates unnecessary operational costs (Dredge et al., 2014). Many green practices can be implemented by hotels as preventive tools for saving unnecessary costs. Such practices include energy consumption, recycling, pollution of prevention such as discharging waste in waterways, saving energy by installation of green roofs, installation of renewable energy resources and solar heaters, linens reusing and thereby improving quality of environment in which they operate (Xu Gursoy, 2015). Newly sustainable hotel in Bali would take several environmental initiatives for being a sustainable hotel. Hotel would link up with green globe for enabling the hoteliers to understand the advantage of green strategy projects such as launching recycling programs, replacing light bulbs and choosing efficient technology that is energy efficient. These efforts does not come with excess implementation costs and it requires engaging employees with the green ideals. Company for implementing green initiatives and becoming green company makes transition. Hotel has volunteered by its involvement in a comprehensive program concerning tree planting. Organization has enables the major inroads into minimizing the use of plastics within operations. It intends to replace the bottled water with glass and reusing the plastics, which is used, by hotels. This would ensure that plastics are kept apart for recycle or disposal. Green team of organization has helped in setting up the in house composting b y way of graded clippings, utilizing wastes of kitchen and eventually returning to grounds (Wang, 2014). Concerning other environmental aspects, there is a two-way interaction between hotels, culture and the community. Hotel business is thought to be as the social cultural setting, it is regarded as the source of influencing operations, and this is done in accordance with bottom line and profit rationality. Organization intends to seriously involve with corporate sustainability, local hiring and community development. Some of the quality initiative that would be taken by hotel are working with partners and vendors for reducing the carbon footprint for some procurement activities and installation of more efficient system in all the villas during innovations (Strauss, 2015). Initiatives taken to conserve the resources involve serving water only on requests in bars and restaurants. Guests are encouraged to use options such as carpooling from the airport or transfer whenever it is possible. Initiatives are taken to convert lighting options, which are more energy efficient in a targeted ways so that experience of guests are not diminished. When it is considered feasible to reduce the carbon footprint and in this regard, it is feasible to consider local food purveyors and adopting a farm to table approach. They also intend to maintain business ethics amongst the staffs, management and business contacts that sounds healthy. Hotel would depict areas of weakness and strength within the overall environmental operations and taking attempts to eventually reduce the potential impact of its operation. Substantial reducing the potential impact on surface water, air, ground water community, health of employees, public health and quality of life. This is done while operating in a boutique resort environment of higher quality for its guest in not just meeting expectation but expecting it (Parsa et al., 2015). Green team of hotel focuses on efficient communications and striving for regular improvement in prevention of pollution while exceeding current locations. Hotels would continually research for implementing activities that will help in improving their abilities for properly utilizing man-made and natural resources both conservatively and economically. It is recognized by the organization that sustainability is an ever-changing responsibility and hence the policy concerning environment are reviewed annually (Ha ck et al., 2014). Organization has the policy of practicing sound environmental stewardship and well-being and health of employees promotion. A number of discharge is produced by hotels and has the potential of polluting air, water and land. Impact of these discharge on the environment depend upon the practice of management undertaken by hotels coupled with hotel location and surrounding environment sensitivity. Main sources are treated and untreated sewage, emissions from vehicle, spills and odors from laundry and kitchen, discharging of hazardous chemical the train, CFC from air condition systems (Fennell, 2015). Many of the island in Indonesia has no recycling services and some of them has good recycling infrastructure for soft drinks and beer bottles. Some of the hotels in island of Indonesia have recycling facilities and many of them are too distant from it. Environmental considerations are an important aspect for preservation of cultural and natural heritage of Bali. This will allow the guest to have authentic local experience. Hotel integrate local partnership within the community for raising awareness for positive environmental change. For sustaining a part of healthy natural resources on island of Bali. It has an innovative community partner which enable local communities what the corporate social responsibility looks like. Hotel would organize beech clean ups on regular basis and this is organized by green team (Farrington et al., 2017). Central government of Indonesia has enacted several laws for promoting the practice of corporate social responsibility. Tourism act states the obligation of tourism companies to respect the local culture, preserve natural environment, employ local people and provide priority to local suppliers (Wise, 2016). Triple Bottom Line Approach: One of the most comprehensive approach for measuring the sustainability performance of hotels is triple bottom line approach, which is developed by Elkington. It is a decision framework, planning and reporting system focusing on controlling and measuring the environmental, economic and social framework of hotels. Triple bottom approach is considered relevant for achievement for attainment of sustainable development. Triple bottom approach reporting model helps in creating a hotel sustainable business model (Jones et al., 2016). Using this model, hotels firm have learned to operate in a market-based environment. Hotel managers in Bali are aware of social and environmental performance goals. Hotel organization are increasingly recognizing the importance of bio diversity and environmental education issues. Firm in terms of human and cultural capital monitors social performance. For corporate firms, Triple bottom approach is a dispersion of sustainability agenda. Environmental sustainabi lity implies management and conservation of resources in such a way that pollution of water, air, land is reduced, along with is preserving natural heritage, and biological diversity. In order to make implementation possible and successful as per the triple bottom approach, additional requirements are needed by tourism destinations (Melissen, 2013). It is anticipated by researcher that hotel firms in Bali would manage the use and cost of resources and there would be less focus on biodiversity and environmental education. There is no significant difference between the environmental education and bio diversity importance. In the environmental business line, monitoring of indicators seemed to be consistent with perceived importance of indicators. Direct cost savings motivate hotels and they seem to be focusing on green performance of water consumptions, energy consumptions and waste management (Ernawati et al., 2015). Environmental reporting concerning the bottom line approach concerns with attention to issues such as water management, solid waste, climate change, energy usage and conservation of biodiversity is related ecological and saving footprints accounts on natural capital assets. A sustainable challenge of sustainability reporting faced by hotel firms in Bali with the Triple bottom line accounting is measuring the environmental and social bottom lines, which is referred to as planet that is natural capital and people that is human capital. This is not in quantifying the profitability of bottom line for economic activities (Gou Xie, 2016). The global Reporting Initiative has pioneered the use of most widely sustainability framework and its development for reporting on triple bottom line. Global reporting initiatives offers universally applicable guidelines, sector supplements are tailored versions and make the submission of additional documents specialized to hospitality sector. Some of th e supplements are not available for hospitability industry. Triple bottom line is an environmental business concept. It would provide method for hotel to achieve areas of improvement. This include people, profit and planet. One of the major impact on planet is the waste generated by company. Hotel make large amount of materials such as paper, plastic and metal. Company needs to reduce the disposal costs for consumers of its products. Hotels should adopt several strategies for minimizing the impact on environment (Law et al., 2016). Strategies to be taken by newly opened hotel: Water conservation strategy- Many hotels use large amount of water in production and for processing such as cleaning, growing crops and cooling down of equipments. Hotels can conserve water by purchasing products such as efficient toilets and faucets and turning off the appliances when they are not in use. One way used by hotels in conserving water is by asking the guests if they need to have a towel washed during an extended stay rather than washing all towels in a room each day. Newly opened hotel in Bali would opt to use concentrated such as laundry detergent as this will provide cleaning power and at the same reducing the amount of water contained in the products (McWilliams et al., 2014). Sustainable woods strategy- Hotel can improve its triple bottom line by making use of resources from sustainable resources. Hotel should produce its products using hardwoods and bamboo that are grown using sustainable methods. Hotel firms should replace trees that cannot be farmed easily with trees and are easy to grow so that the hotel would be able to keep purchasing the source of wood in future. Some of the alternative to petroleum-based products that can be used by hotels are using wood products (Mason, 2015). Better technology- Hotels can replace its drying ovens with electron beams with large food package printing operations. This would save millions of energy and avoiding tons of pollution. Such adopted technology are more profitable and sustainable. While adopting to the technology, it is critical to recognize the brand owner and retailers so that hoteliers are able to understand the manufacturing process of supply chain that are affecting the environment. Community development strategy- Hotel in Bali would assist member of community by providing scholarships to students, donating and purchasing equipment. Bali is regarded as the most popular tourist destinations and it is considered as the most loved tropical holiday island. Current situation of Bali has issues of pollution, traffic and uncontrolled tourism development. Mass tourism has become a part of Bali as tourism helps inn creating jobs and income of millions of Indonesians. Some of the challenges faced by hotel firms in Bali is that they does not get hold of infrastructural and environmental problems. It is questioned by many people that prosperity of Balinese property are failed to enhance by way of hotel development. People in Bali want to grow economically and make use of resources and natural assets. Hotels in Bali have been facing with the challenge of immense problems in the area of garbage and water management (Mackenzie Peters, 2014). Hotels cannot keep up with wastewater and rubbish if things do not same. It is estimated that Hotels produces more than two cubic meters of waste per day and they are responsible for thei r own waste management services. Newly opened hotel intended to manage the solid waste are required to provide proper equipment and following procedures for management of waste resources. Sustainability would be at the forefront of newly sustainable hotel in Bali. Green initiatives would be taken by organization as it intends to take recycling procedures (Lovelock Lovelock, 2013). It is evident that consumers are increasingly becoming aware of environment footprint. Hotels have the responsibility of minimizing the environmental impact of their operations and supporting the communities residing in Bali. For the future development, Community and conservation has been the forefront for making tourism to make successful and sustainable. The newly opened hotel would be committed to specific sustainability targets and goals. This hotel group has excited development plan and it has been stated that sustainability is the key for every forthcoming activities taken by the organization. Hotels need to develop with different partners and should strictly adhere to environmental standards (Lehnert et al., 2015). Conclusion: The newly opened hotel in Bali and its initiatives has been discussed in context with Triple bottom line approach model. Because of tourism employment, social networking in Bali has strengthened. Obligation of maintaining environmental sustainability have become the top agenda for mangers of hotels in Bali. Tourist arrival and high growth of hotel are correlated with high resources so that the demand of hotel guests are met. Tourism benefits in relation to sustainability of environment are the preservation of existing and natural resources. Tourism department in Bali has implemented environmental management and this helps in providing benefits such as cutting operating costs, water management, solid and liquid waste reductions, energy management, resource consumptions, managing purchasing products required for operations of hotels. All this is mainly in terms of environmental management. From the above discussion, it can be concluded that newly opened hotel in Bali would mainly face the environmental issues concerning pollution and waste management. As per the approach of triple bottom line applied to hotel, sustainable concept is used as an umbrella concept. Under this, terms such as heritage, eco-tourism and geo tourism would fall. Hotels are capable of employing measures of tourisms for assessing their environmental and economic sustainability. However, some of the measures adopted are not readily adopted by hospitality sectors. Reference: Andersson, T. D., Lundberg, E. (2013). Commensurability and sustainability: Triple impact assessments of a tourism event.Tourism Management,37, 99-109. Cheng, P. Y., Yang, J. T., Wan, C. S., Chu, M. C. (2013). Ethical contexts and employee job responses in the hotel industry: The roles of work values and perceived organizational support.International Journal of Hospitality Management,34, 108-115. Cole, S., Browne, M. (2015). Tourism and water inequity in Bali: A social-ecological systems analysis.Human ecology,43(3), 439-450. Dopson, L. R., Hayes, D. K. (2016).Managerial accounting for the hospitality industry. Wiley Global Education. dos Santos, R. A., Mxas, M. P., Meirio, M. J. (2017). Sustainability and hotel business: criteria for holistic, integrated and participative development.Journal of Cleaner Production,142, 217-224. Dredge, D., Airey, D., Gross, M. J. (2014).The routledge handbook of tourism and hospitality education. Routledge. Ernawati, N. M., Dowling, R., Sanders, D. (2015). Tourists' perceptions of community-based tourism products for sustainable tourism in Bali, Indonesia. Farrington, T., Farrington, T., Curran, R., Curran, R., Gori, K., Gori, K., ... Queenan, C. J. (2017). Corporate social responsibility: reviewed, rated, revised.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,29(1), 30-47. Fennell, D. A. (2015). Ethics in Tourism. InEducation for Sustainability in Tourism(pp. 45-57). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Gou, Z., Xie, X. (2016). Evolving green building: triple bottom line or regenerative design?.Journal of Cleaner Production. Hack, L., Kenyon, A. J., Wood, E. H. (2014). A Critical Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Timeline: how should it be understood now.International Journal of Management Cases,16(4), 46-55. Jones, P., Jones, P., Hillier, D., Hillier, D., Comfort, D., Comfort, D. (2016). Sustainability in the hospitality industry: Some personal reflections on corporate challenges and research agendas.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,28(1), 36-67. Law, A., De Lacy, T., Lipman, G., Jiang, M. (2016). Transitioning to a green economy: the case of tourism in Bali, Indonesia.Journal of Cleaner Production,111, 295-305. Lehnert, K., Park, Y. H., Singh, N. (2015). Research note and review of the empirical ethical decision-making literature: Boundary conditions and extensions.Journal of Business Ethics,129(1), 195-219. Lovelock, B., Lovelock, K. (2013).The ethics of tourism: Critical and applied perspectives. Routledge. Mackenzie, M., Peters, M. (2014). Hospitality managers' perception of corporate social responsibility: an explorative study.Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research,19(3), 257-272. Mason, P. (2015).Tourism impacts, planning and management. Routledge. McWilliams, A., Parhankangas, A., Coupet, J., Welch, E., Barnum, D. T. (2014). Strategic decision making for the triple bottom line.Business Strategy and the Environment. Melissen, F. (2013). Sustainable hospitality: a meaningful notion?.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,21(6), 810-824. Parsa, H. G., Lord, K. R., Putrevu, S., Kreeger, J. (2015). Corporate social and environmental responsibility in services: Will consumers pay for it?.Journal of retailing and consumer services,22, 250-260. Strauss, S. (2015). Alliances Across Ideologies: Networking with NGOs in a Tourism Dispute in Northern Bali.The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology,16(2), 123-140. Wang, C. J. (2014). Do ethical and sustainable practices matter? Effects of corporate citizenship on business performance in the hospitality industry.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(6), 930-947. Wise, N. (2016). Outlining triple bottom line contexts in urban tourism regeneration.Cities,53, 30-34. Xu, X., Gursoy, D. (2015). A conceptual framework of sustainable hospitality supply chain management.Journal of Hospitality Marketing Management,24(3), 229-259.

Bill Clinton Essays - Mental Processes, Memory, Cognition

Bill Clinton The article I chose is called Reinventing yourself and it talks about research on memory. According to the author who you are is limited only by your imagination. What does it mean? Thats what I will try to explain on the following couple pages. As I understood this article, its talking about how our imagination influences the memory. It starts with the examples from peoples lives. Bill Clinton told American people that he never served for Vietnam, and the reasons he gave appeared to be totally different from the reasons that came up after a research. Or, Gary Trudeau, cartoonist, that was telling people the same story for about 20 years about the way he avoided army, saying that he was a student and his three-year student deferment had run out, which meant his call-up was imminent. In fact, what appeared after a research, his dad was a doctor, and he didnt serve in Vietnam because of his health condition. This is a good example of how our present life develops our imagination that adds to the memory and makes it different from a reality. But this is the way our imagination reflects and connects our past, present and future. And sometimes we start to think about what do we need a memory for. And the answer is to learn from our experiences without having to repeat them endlessly. Thats why very few moments in our life can repeat exactly. And when we share the personal histories, it helps to keep the relationships going, but, as a matter of fact, what really happened is not that dramatic and critical as the way we talk about it afterwards. Lets imagine talking about memories from childhood, and suddenly somebody interrupts us and says that it couldnt happened and you are wrong. What are you going to do? How are you going to prove it? And what the statistics show now is that many people instead of trying to find a proof such as pictures, tapes, videos will prefer just to imagine what could happen and how would it feel if this could happen now. Psychologist Helen Hembrook discovered this. In 1996 psychologists made a research by giving the example of the same events to the same people twice that could happen to them in their childhood, and it appeared that many of them gave different answers twice and, besides this, some of them just imagined that it could happened to them and this made them to really believe that it happened. Thats what the psychologists call imagination inflation. Also, sometimes, we can remember the source of the information better than the information by itself, and opposite, the information without a source, that is called source monitoring according to Marcia Johnson. And, of course, we remember recent experiments more accurately and more likely to interpret them correctly than childhood ones that we normally confuse. Certainly, we cant confuse everything, and there are some things that we cant make ourselves to believe in, such as I won a lottery, when you never did win one. So, basically, the whole article comes to the main point that we rely on memories of the past to help us imagine and make sense of the present. We develop some experiences that are common and dont change, like for example, going to the restaurant, waiting for waiter to bring a bill, etc. Sometimes people use their imagination to make sense of someone elses past. To prove this, author gives an example Hillary Rodham Clinton that was trying to explain her husbands unfaithfulness as a result of being in the middle of conflict between two women that surrounded the boy in his childhood. And this is something that she has been told by couple psychologist and certainly can be right. The thing is that we often forget bad memories but scientific study doesnt support this point of view and says that such bad memories as childhood sexual abuse and so on just seem to be forgotten, but they are not, and sooner or later the present will reflect this past. Sometimes there are situations when imagination becomes a terribly dangerous problem. It happens when it makes us to believe in some events and

Persuasive Essay essays

Persuasive Essay essays Would you like to get a high paying job? Then you need to go to school. Without an education you cant get a get good job. An education is what you need. An education is a great accomplishment. A higher education can get you a higher paying Job. Without money you cant get things, and Without education you would be working at McDonalds or something, if you had a education you could be something better, now if You want to be a lawyer you need a degree. Thats why an education important. Getting an education is what the smart thing to do is. Dont get me wrong though its hard to get an education. I think the main reason why people drop out is because they probably get bored and cant take it going to school. The way I see it is you place in your head that when you get out of collage your going to get a great high paying job. I guarantee that if you get an education you will get a high paying job. Now dont you want a high paying job? ...

Compare and contrast the City of Bath with another historic city of Essay

Compare and contrast the City of Bath with another historic city of your choice that faces the conflict and challenges of being - Essay Example Oxford is also a historic city which has offered world-class education since medieval times. Many historic sites and buildings in these towns are protected by British laws and international statutes that prevent them from being converted (Great Britain House of Commons, 2009). However, the two cities keep on growing and there are different land use types that are emerging. This paper examines the challenges that arise from the tensions between the preservation of historic and landmark sites with emphasis on Bath and Oxford. It goes further to analyse the ways in which these two cities are dealing with the challenge of using land to meet its historical and tourism needs on one side and its general and economic land use needs. TENSIONS BETWEEN URBAN CONSERVATION & URBAN LAND USE Urban development comes about as a result of the numerous needs of people in society (Cohen, 1999). Different groups of people have different land use needs and this gives the need for various considerations in urban generation and regeneration. A major land use type in cities in England is the historic site usage (Tessa, 2005). Tessa (2005) goes further to identify that urban historic land marks give a physical form to individual and communal history in the form of architecture and edifices that come with countless stories about various timelines in history. This is an avenue for the discharge of some human values as well as economic returns from events like tourism. On the other hand, though, people need lands to fulfil their individual and communal needs. These needs are honoured through consensus between various stakeholder units in the society and it leads to so much debate and tensions (De La Torre, 2005). According to Betty (2011), the main areas that the tensions occur in urban development where heritage site conservation is concerned include: 1. The Need for Growth V Restricted Development Capacity 2. Sustainable Economic Prosperity V Dangers of Destroying priceless landmarks 3. Innovation V protection of Heritage 4. Preservation V Requests of Community for housing, education, jobs and transportation 5. Increasing tourism V Loss of distinctive competitive strengths THE CASE OF BATH & OXFORD Bath and Oxford seem to have similar problems in the area of the constraints between urban growth and heritage site management and conservation. Demographic Issues Bath’s population has remained steady between 85,000 and 75,000 over the past forty years. 1971, the population was about 85,000. It fell to about 80,000 and 79,000 in 1981 and 1991 respectively. In 2001, the population stood around 84,000 (Statistics & Census Information). Over 38% of the residents are over 60 years (Betty, 2011). This huge ageing population indicates that Bath’s younger generation are leaving the town in huge numbers because there are more economic and social opportunities elsewhere. Also, there are challenges like fuel poverty, which affects about 8% of the populace. The situa tion on Bath puts the city authorities in a situation where they need to do something to retain their active population. This entails improving economic and work conditions in the city as well as the creation of socio-cultural

The anti-Cancer activity of Rhein in Leukaemia Essay - 1

The anti-Cancer activity of Rhein in Leukaemia - Essay Example The tissue wherever the cells are deposited gets clogged and their function is compromised. Along with the increased proliferation of a set of WBCs, the normal red blood cells (RBC), as well as the platelet synthesis in severely impaired (Ciesla, 2007). The normal function of the bone marrow is also suppressed causing a generalized bone marrow failure. The compromised synthesis and maturation of RBC causes reduction in total circulating RBCs and hence reduced hemoglobin termed as anaemia. The leukaemia cells (like all the other malignant cells) have a tendency to invade the distant organs and tissues known as metastasis. These cells thus enter and get deposited in liver, spleen and lungs where the macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system are highly active. The reduced platelet generation from the impaired bone marrow is responsible for the spontaneous bleeding seen in advanced stages of leukemia. Leukaemia can be divided into four classes, viz. acute myeloid, chronic myeloid, acute lymphoid and chronic (Hoffbrand et al, 2006). The acute leukeamia has rapid onset, and is characterized by the presence of blasts and other immature cells in blood. It may present in any age group of subjects and the organo-megali is not very pronounced. (Sekeres et al, 2007). On the other hand, chronic leukaemia is characterized by slow and subtle onset, primarily affects the adults and the blood profile shows increased concentration of mature white blood cells. In Britain, the incidence of leukaemias is quite less compared to the other types of cancer, accounting for about 3% of all cases. Less than 10000 new cases of leukaemia are being reported in UK (Cancer research UK). Therefore, although not very common, the high morbidity and mortality associated with leukaemia makes it an of great concern. A cancer cell lines are always derived from the patient harboring the malignant cells. The cancer cells from patients with specific characteristics are isolated and stabilized

Film and Video Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Film and Video - Assignment Example Other developments such as women’s suffrage then the financial boom which ended in a market crash in 1929 leading to the Great Depression made the generation traumatic. Traumatized by the war (with some becoming suicidal due to PSTD), working in odd jobs such as sweatshops and selling newspapers and without diversion due to the Prohibition movement (prohibition of alcohol) made this generation traumatic and perhaps this explains why this generation was called as the Lost Generation. Thus this generation looked for outlet for what they lacked. In economic opportunity due to the sweatshops they are accustomed to, entrepreneurs were born and so was the rise of individualism and spirt of entrepreneurship. Immigrants flocked into the United States to try their luck with the American Dream. So the Lost Generation looked for outlet in their entertainment. Thus their entertainment was described as pure escapism which reflected the generation’s feeling of instability and displacement during their time. Traumatized with war, overworked in factories, stressed and poor, people then looked for escape from their hard life and ugly reality. This explains why John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath were adopted in the big screen as it talked about a family’s â€Å"migration of the Dust Bowl of Oklahoma to the agricultural fields of California†. People were able to relate to this poignant screen as most people shared that kind of life at some point or another. Then Scarlett O’Hara’s Gone With the Wind became popular as it encapsulated the Depression of the Lost Generation. It talked about the girl who endured poverty but still had the courage to say that â€Å"tomorrow is another day†. But what really caught the spirt of the time was the movie The Wizard of Oz. This movie may be a fantasy movie where the main character of Dorothy’s migrated from reality to fantasy, â€Å"as objects signifying permanence (picket fences, cows, and

Annotated Bibliography Of John Steinbeck

Annotated Bibliography Of John Steinbeck East of Eden is John Steinbecks most famous novel. This book published in 1952 has won international critical acclaim, and propelled Steinbeck to international glory. Critics, both positive and negative, often describe the book as the most ambitious literary project of Steinbeck. The book talks about the intricacies of two families that live in the Salinas valley. The families are the Hamiltons and the Trasks. The two families have interwoven stories. The book originally addresses the authors two young sons, Thom and john. The book describes in detail the Salinas valley in California where the story is set. The story also involves other places like Connecticut and Massachusetts. The Salinas valley in central California is aptly described as it is the setting of the book. The story begins with the Hamilton family that has emigrated from Ireland. Samuel Hamilton raised his brood of nine children on some infertile patch of land until they are able to fed for themselves. As Hamiltons children begin to leave home, a well-off stranger buys the best ranch in the Salinas valley. The stranger is Adam Trask, and he has come to his riches after discovering that his father left him and his brother some worthwhile inheritance. Adam has fallen in love, and married Cathy Ames, a girl who is described as a monster. This is because she has been a manipulator of men, and she has left home after killing her parents. After giving birth, Cathy shoots Adam in the shoulders and flees. Adam has to rear his twin boys with the help of Samuel Hamilton and Lee. Lee is a Cantonese servant of Adam. The three men make good companionship and engage in lively biblical debates. Cathy turns to prostitution, and through murder, manages to acquire a brothel. The boys grow up, and Samuel Hamilton dies. Adam loses his fortune in a business misfortune. One of the boys chooses to farm, and the other twin becomes a priest. Caleb the farmer gets to be successful. During thanksgiving, he gives his father a gift of $15,000, which his father rejects. Meanwhile, his brother, Aron wants to drop out of college. The book ends with Adam bedridden, and Lee pleading with Adam to forgive his son. Benson.J. (1977). John Steinbeck: Novelist as Scientist. Novel, Vol. (10):6. It is important to note that, during the publication of East of Eden, the book did not get positive acclaim. It was rejected for many literary and biblical allusions that did not auger well with the critics of his day. East of Eden has been loved by the general readership worldwide. One of the failures of the East of Eden is that the book has borrowed heavily from Author Gunns book, New family physician. The borrowing is used to deepen the creative legacy and artistic portrait of Samuel Hamilton. John Steinbeck, in writing East of Eden, has strayed from his literary style and adherence to realism and naturalism. This is because of his habit of what he has referred to as creative reading. Creative reading can be related to creative writing. Only in this case it is the opposite, for the creative reader reads to write. The implication is that Steinbeck has immersed himself in various documents, some of them scientific to come up with East of Eden. The book has been superimposed with so many allusions that it loses the fictional ability with which it is supposed to command the reader of fiction. The result is that the book borders on non fictional work. In many respects, the book is drawn from the authors background. This makes it an autobiographical stretch of his life. For example, Samuel Hamilton, the benign farmer is a representation of Steinbecks grandfather. His execution of form (Steinbecks) is heavily influenced by other works. The problem is not the heavy borrowing, the problem is the way he has failed to disguise his borrowing. It is a fact that all great literary work is some form of copying, or stealing. Shakespeare plagiarized ninety percent from ancient Greek writing. He plagiarized in mastery disguise, and what we have of him are great works. East of Eden is blatantly plagiarized. Fensch, T. (1988). Conversations with John Steinbeck. New York: Free Press. The use of symbols and symbolization has been employed to masterly level in East of Eden. Like in all his other novels, symbolism is one of the marks that distinguish the works of Steinbeck. Symbolism is the use of objects, figures, colors and characters in representing abstract ideas and concepts. The usage of symbolism in East of Edn is of the most classical nature. Symbolism brings out the realism in East of Eden without sacrificing modernism. Salinass valley, that was the original title of the novel, is a representation of the biblical Garden of Eden. The lyrical opening of the book with a description of the smells and sights of the valley parallels the garden of Edn that is virginal in its depiction in the bible. The Salinas valley is the home of the contest between the likes of Adam and Cathy. It depicts the genesis of the great diabolical deception that contributed to the fall of man. The title rightly depicts the fall of man, for in the biblical chronology, man was chased out towards the east. The mountains in the Salinas valley represent the struggle of man between the eternal forces of good and bad. The scars that Charles Trask get after wounding himself represent the mark of Cain. French, W. (1976). John Steinbeck and Modernism, in Steinbecks Prophetic Vision of America, ed. Tetsumaro Hayashi and Kenneth Swan. Indiana: Upland press. One of the characteristics of the books of Steinbeck is that they contain spiritual positivism. In East of Eden there, is the tendency of the writer to want to lift the reader and to encourage the reader. This is one of the most enduring positive traits of East of Eden. The author does not adopt a strict moralistic view or an amoral view. Rather, it puts to the reader that sainthood and damnation are both available to human beings. The difference between the two is determined by the choice of man. The author has drawn vivid biblical allusions that portray that human choices are the determinants if his destiny. The titling of the book captures the fall of man in the original Garden of Eden. The author has, however, used some depictions that contradict the biblical stories. In reading the book, it is apparent that the portrayal of women is negative. The negative traits of Cathy Ames are exaggerated. It is a well known fact that the author depicts her as the devil, and this is taking th e negation of women too far. This is because no other male character gets to do the wicked things that she has been doing. The other insult to womanhood is that the author has not at least developed another female character to counter the negative image of Cathy Ames. The grief that is so apparent at the end of the book does not do much to lift the hope of the reader. The sense of guilty that follows the characters in the book is not good for the book. This is because the main characters seem to find no atonement for the wrongs that they have done in society. Parini, J. (1996). John Steinbeck: A Biography. Carlifornia: Holt Publishing. The critical acclaims that Steinbeck has got have been from his short stories and rarely for his novels. A significant observation is that the author has not faired well even with a book that won him the Nobel Prize in literature in 1962. This is the book, East of Eden. In fact, his literary fame and reputation declined with the publication of East of Eden. The book in discussion, East of Eden, is overly theatrical. Its biblical allusions are farfetched, and the portrayal main character lacks originality. The book is an amalgamation of themes, characters and literary styles from various sources without cogent intrinsic threading. It is disconjuctive in it ending, and leaves the reader with a sour taste in the mouth. The book is too sentimental and philosophically simplistic. Although Steinbeck remains on of the most celebrated authors, East of Eden is no Paradise Lost. Its humor is overly sympathetic, and the sociological perception that is said to distinguish is work is water down i n this work by an overt desire to see himself, and his family, in his works. Robert. ed. (2002). John Steinbeck, Novels 1942-1952. Washington: Library of America. East of Eden is a paradox in its reception. This is because the public received the book well with the critics writing off the book. The book, like all Steinbecks past world war two books, is not hard to understand. This is because it develops the themes that are first exposed in his short stories. The criticisms of heavy borrowing from Gunns works, and the biblical allusions cannot detract from his work.

Cryptography Essay -- Data Encryption

Cryptography is such a broad part of our lives we do not even notice the smallest applications, shopping on eBay or watching satellite television. I bet you even used cryptology when you were in school and did not even know it. Ever write a message in numbers instead of letters? Each letter of the alphabet correlated to its number position in the alphabet. The number sequence 3,16,25,12,20,15,12,15,7,25 equals cryptology. This is a form of cryptology in its most basic form. Webster's dictionary defines Cryptography as : n. 1. The act or art of writing in code or secret characters; also, secret characters, codes or ciphers, or messages written in a secret code. 2. The science which studies methods for encoding messages so that they can be read only by a person who knows the secret information required for decoding, called the key; it includes cryptanalysis, the science of decoding encrypted messages without possessing the proper key, and has several other branches; see for example steganography. [1] Cryptographies main purpose is to hide messages and information. One of the earliest forms of cryptography was the rearranging of letters in messages. This was known as transportation ciphers. A cipher is a system in which plain text, usually the letters, are transposed or substituted according to a predetermined code. Another early form of cryptography was the substitution of letters. One cipher was named after Julius Caesar who was said to have used a 3 letter shift. This involved substituting a letter with another letter in the alphabet three positions away. Caesar used this method to communicate with his generals in wartimes. [2] Cryptography tries to protect the confidential nature in the communications of military leaders ... ...to keep secret. References 1. http://www.webster-dictionary.net/d.aspx?w=Cryptography 2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography 3. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible, James D G Dunn, John W Rogerson, eds., Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2003, ISBN 0-8028-3711-5 4. Kama Sutra, Sir Richard F. Burton, translator, Part I, Chapter III, 44th and 45th arts. 5. David Kahn, The Codebreakers, 1967, ISBN 0-684-83130-9. 6. http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2001/nsa/stories/crypto.history/ 7. Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman, "New Directions in Cryptography", IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. IT-22, Nov. 1976, pp: 644-654. 8. http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/SSL.html 9. http://computing-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/TCP%2FIP+port 10. http://news.com.com/FAQ+Sonys+rootkit+CDs/2100-1029_3-5946760.html?tag=nl 11. http://www.rsasecurity.com/node.asp?id=1158

A House on Fire Essay

Fire is a good servant, helping us with the cooking and providing warmth during those chilly winter nights, but it can also be a bad master when we underestimate its destructive power. It’s for this reason that fire needs to be handled with care. Playing with it can be dangerous, and at times can also prove fatal to those unfortunate enough to find themselves in its path. Our next-door neighbours were lucky in that nobody was injured, but the same thing cannot be said about their beloved house. Although it’s been ten years now, I can still remember the whole thing as if it were yesterday, and each time, the thought of that terrifying episode makes my blood run cold. It was a hot stuffy summer night when it all took place. Back then air-conditioners were not a common sight, so everyone had no choice but to resort to leaving the windows wide open at night to let the breeze in. Not that one could have used the air-conditioner that night anyway – there was a power cut, which in turn also explains the cause of the fire. From accounts following the incident, it seems that it all started because of an oil lamp that had been left on a cupboard in the sitting room downstairs. A strong gust of wind must have come in through the window, knocking the oil lamp over onto the curtain, which burst into flames in no time. The fresh breeze from the open windows kept feeding the hungry flames, which continued eating away at the walls and furniture. The fire spread quickly and soon the sofa, carpets and furniture were ablaze. It was the acrid smell of burning that woke up the occupants of the house from their dreams, to an even worse nightmare. They jumped out of their beds, ran downstairs, and made a dash for the door, but they were stopped in their tracks when part of the ceiling came crushing down in front of them, blocking their only way of escape. It was then that their heart missed a beat, realising for the first time that they were trapped. They remained frozen still, shocked at the sight of that burning inferno. The pungent smoke filled their nostrils and lungs, making them choke and cough. The heat was like a solid wall. Going forward was pointless! Fear rose in their throat at the thought of dying, and they wanted to cry, but they fought down their panic and tried to think clearly of a good plan instead. Spurred by their terror and the will to survive, they ran back upstairs, swift as a  cat, and sprang into the bathroom. While trying to regain lost breath, their father immediately soaked them from head to toe with water. He also got towels, put them under the running water, and placed some of them on their heads. The remaining wet towels were placed under the door to stop the smoke coming in. Then their father opened the window and they all started to scream and yell at the top of their voices. It was that blood curdling sound of screaming which startled me from my sleep. I was not prepared for what I was about to see however. Peering out of my bedroom window I came face to face with our neighbour’s house, completely engulfed by the fire. I rushed to my parents’ room to tell dad, who immediately went to call the fire brigade and the hospital to send a rescue team. In a matter of minutes we heard the shrill noise of the sirens and soon after the fire-engine could be seen speeding down the street, followed by an ambulance and a police car, and coming to a sudden halt just in front of the house. The firemen immediately jumped down from their truck, unrolled the water hosepipes and placed a long ladder against the wall. A brave fireman climbed the ladder to reach the trapped family, while the rest of the team, with hosepipes in hand, fought hard to control the terrible flames. In those frightful moments that followed, it was as if time stood still. The firemen kept directing powerful streams of water into the burning building, but the flames showed no sign of wanting to die. Finally, after what seemed like ages, the trapped neighbours were brought down to safety, to the joy and clapping of all the people who had come on the scene. They had been saved in the nick of time! The paramedics, who until then were on stand-by, lowered each one of them onto the waiting stretchers, and rushed them to hospital. Although they weren’t injured, they were suffering from a terrible shock and had inhaled lots of toxic fumes. The firemen stayed behind until the flames had been completely extinguished. What remained of the house were the blackened walls; the inside was collapsing. That night I couldn’t catch any sleep because of all the commotion. I felt agitated, and the crackling sound of the spent flames and the crashing stones kept me awake all through the night.